Application of Abdellah's theory to NURSING SERVICE
by Group E's Odessa Medina
According to Abdellah’s theory, “Nursing is based on an art and science that mold the attitudes, intellectual competencies, and technical skills of the individual nurse into the desire and ability to help people, sick or well, cope with their health needs”(Abdellah et al, 1960). She formulated the 21 Nursing Problems, that serves as guide in determining patients’ needs, guide care and promote use of nursing judgement.
In the medical field, there are different types of nurses who work in varied areas. These nurses have one thing in common, the nursing process. It is considered an essential core of practice for the registered nurse to deliver holistic, patient-focused care. The nursing process is the procedure nurses use to manage patient care. This process is the basis of how nurses think and operate in clinical settings. It is widely accepted and has been suggested as a scientific method to guide procedures. The process has been defined as a systematic and dynamic way to deliver nursing care. Effective implementation of the nursing process leads to improved quality of care.
The use of Abdellah’s 21 nursing problems in the nursing process includes: assessment, nursing diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation(Abdellah and Levine, 1986).
Assessment
This is the first step in the nursing process. The nurse uses a systematic, dynamic way to collect and analyze data about a client. Assessment includes not only physiological data, but also psychological, sociocultural, spiritual, economic, and life-style factors as well. The data can be collected in different ways such as conducting an interview, physical examinations, asking about patient’s health and family history and general observation. The nursing problems will serve as guide for data collection.
Diagnosis
The nursing diagnosis is the nurse’s clinical and educated judgment about the client’s response to actual or potential health conditions or needs. The diagnosis is the basis for the nurse’s care plan and it is used to determine the course of treatment.
Planning
Based on the assessment and diagnosis of the nursing problem, the nurse establishes measurable and achievable goals for the patient.
Implementation
Nursing care is implemented according to the decided plan of action. This plan is specific and focus on achievable outcomes. Implementation includes monitoring patient for any changes or improvements, direct care for the patient, giving health education and contacting the patient for follow-up, so continuity of care for the patient during admission and in preparation for discharge is very important.
Evaluation
After all the nursing interventions are implemented, the nurse evaluates both the patient’s status and the effectiveness of the nursing care. Depending on the patient outcome, the care plan is modified as needed. In the event that the patient’s condition did not improve or the goals are not met, the nursing process is repeated from the first step.
References List:
Abdellah, F.G., & Levine, E. (1986). Better patient care through nursing research (3rd ed). New York: McMillan
Abdellah, F.G., Beland, I.I., Martin, A., and Matheney, R.V. (1960). Patient-centered approaches in Nursing. New York : McMillan
In the medical field, there are different types of nurses who work in varied areas. These nurses have one thing in common, the nursing process. It is considered an essential core of practice for the registered nurse to deliver holistic, patient-focused care. The nursing process is the procedure nurses use to manage patient care. This process is the basis of how nurses think and operate in clinical settings. It is widely accepted and has been suggested as a scientific method to guide procedures. The process has been defined as a systematic and dynamic way to deliver nursing care. Effective implementation of the nursing process leads to improved quality of care.
The use of Abdellah’s 21 nursing problems in the nursing process includes: assessment, nursing diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation(Abdellah and Levine, 1986).
Assessment
This is the first step in the nursing process. The nurse uses a systematic, dynamic way to collect and analyze data about a client. Assessment includes not only physiological data, but also psychological, sociocultural, spiritual, economic, and life-style factors as well. The data can be collected in different ways such as conducting an interview, physical examinations, asking about patient’s health and family history and general observation. The nursing problems will serve as guide for data collection.
Diagnosis
The nursing diagnosis is the nurse’s clinical and educated judgment about the client’s response to actual or potential health conditions or needs. The diagnosis is the basis for the nurse’s care plan and it is used to determine the course of treatment.
Planning
Based on the assessment and diagnosis of the nursing problem, the nurse establishes measurable and achievable goals for the patient.
Implementation
Nursing care is implemented according to the decided plan of action. This plan is specific and focus on achievable outcomes. Implementation includes monitoring patient for any changes or improvements, direct care for the patient, giving health education and contacting the patient for follow-up, so continuity of care for the patient during admission and in preparation for discharge is very important.
Evaluation
After all the nursing interventions are implemented, the nurse evaluates both the patient’s status and the effectiveness of the nursing care. Depending on the patient outcome, the care plan is modified as needed. In the event that the patient’s condition did not improve or the goals are not met, the nursing process is repeated from the first step.
References List:
Abdellah, F.G., & Levine, E. (1986). Better patient care through nursing research (3rd ed). New York: McMillan
Abdellah, F.G., Beland, I.I., Martin, A., and Matheney, R.V. (1960). Patient-centered approaches in Nursing. New York : McMillan
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